The most common reason for a patient to contact a doctor is the pain accompanying about 70% of all known diseases. The article introduces the basic principles for treating acute and chronic pain. The role of inflammation in pathogenesis of acute and chronic pain is shown. It provides information on the effectiveness and safety of a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) Nimesulide in the treatment of acute and chronic pain. Information is provided on the variety of Nimesulide mechanisms that allow it to be used in various rheumatic diseases as well as in other areas of medicine. The results of clinical research and analyses are presented that confirm the high efficiency and good tolerability of Nimesulide. The years of experience in the application of the granular form of Nimesulide (Nimesil®) by domestic clinicians indicate a high rate of development and a expressed anagesic, anti-inflammatory effects combined with good tolerability, which makes it possible to use the drug successfully in treating acute and chronic pain.